Crouching Tiger, Hidden Squash and Stretch
Today we’ll be taking a look at a fantastic gif that reddit user ‘GallowBoob’ shared recently. A huge tiger leaps up to catch an enormous chunk of raw meat in its jaws before bounding away. By watching this action in slow motion we can get a detailed look at how squash and stretch play an essential part in real world motion, and how we can apply that to our animation work.
First, the gif!
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It truly is a sight to see. Nature at its finest, and a terrific example of the “Standing Jump” exercise that many animators use to practice several of the principals of animation. Though it would be easy to simply sit and stare in awe as the looping video plays, let’s see if we can analyze a few things and apply them to our own work.
The Keys
To begin, let’s look at two of the “keyframes” of this leap.
Here we have the crouch and then highpoint of the leap. Notice the overwhelming sense of squash and stretch here. If we just look at the silhouettes, the change looks like this:
That’s a lot of bang for your buck! When animating, it is change of shape that holds the appeal you’re looking for. Here the change of shape is extremeAn extreme keyframe is the moment where a change in direction occurs. Anticipation and Overshoots are Extremes, because ... More, and lends itself nicely to the power the big cat exudes.
What’s most fascinating is that this is directly from life. We often consider change of shape in live action to be less extremeAn extreme keyframe is the moment where a change in direction occurs. Anticipation and Overshoots are Extremes, because ... More. Here, though, you can clearly see how massive it is. We could also take it further, and push both poses to even more plussed states.
The Breakdown
Another thing to consider is the breakdownA breakdown is a pose at the turning point of a motion path - often during the fastest moment of a motion. It's often se... More of this action. It would be easy to think the breakdownA breakdown is a pose at the turning point of a motion path - often during the fastest moment of a motion. It's often se... More would be halfway between the two keys above, in some sort of mid-leap state. What makes this motion so visually interesting, however, is that the breakdownA breakdown is a pose at the turning point of a motion path - often during the fastest moment of a motion. It's often se... More is actually here:
By putting the breakdownA breakdown is a pose at the turning point of a motion path - often during the fastest moment of a motion. It's often se... More closer to the crouch, the springing motion feels even more powerful. This is helpful to keep in mind when animating. The next time you consider putting a breakdownA breakdown is a pose at the turning point of a motion path - often during the fastest moment of a motion. It's often se... More directly in the middle, try moving it closer to one key or the other first. See what it feels like with that timing instead. You never know what great things may come of it!
The Forms
Using knowledge of anatomy, the other important aspect to watch is where the solid forms begin and end. Generally in mammals the major of these forms are the ribcage and pelvis. Look at the relationship of the two in the crouching form:
and contrast that to the distance between both in the full extension:
It’s pretty huge! Obviously to compensate for this distance the softer, more squashy/stretchy bits must expand and contract. It’s easy to see this squash and stretch in the video. Make note, though, that the solid forms retain their shape because they rarely, if ever, squash and stretch.
This is a prime way to keep your animations “believable.” By maintaining SOME solid forms that do not distort and contrasting them with more pliable parts, you set certain rules between you and the audience, and they will feel your characters are more “real” and alive. Leave the squash and stretch mostly to the less rigid parts of your character and you’ll find terrific results.
What’s Next?
Hopefully by watching and studying slow motion video like the one here, you can get a better idea of where to add proper squash and stretch in your own work. Want a bit of practice? Consider animating the tiger above, using this gif as reference. Don’t copy it frame for frame, merely use it as a launching point to do your own version. There’s no time like the present to get some practice in, and this is a great exercise to test your skills!
Another very interesting possibility is to watch the second, non-leaping tiger for a while. Study its movements, in contrast to the first tiger. Notice the weight shifts. Specifically pay attention when it moves its back leg to a new planting spot while turning. It is a very subtle movement, but in animation would add a tremendous amount to the shot. One tiger is performing a much more extremeAn extreme keyframe is the moment where a change in direction occurs. Anticipation and Overshoots are Extremes, because ... More action than the other, but both movements contain beautiful gems to absorb and learn from!
What an amazing video! It reminds me of The Jungle Book because of the tiger. Except back then they couldn’t just texture things they had to draw all those stripes.
Excellent post, very informative. I wonder why they were throwing raw meat to a bunch of tigers? I guess it was some kind of show because you can see people taking flash pictures in there as well. I would loooooove to see that in person.
If some one needs to see more you can find alots of slow motion stuff on Youtube! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fPfJrqqCXVY 😀
Thanks for the link, elkie! That’s great advice. YouTube can be a wealth of resources for reference. (And also a bit of a pit trap if you start wandering into adorable cat videos! 😉 )
very nice animation but jumbline is very long, very good mind By Animation Training institute In Chennai,india
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This gif is steller! You certainly know how to dissect it all. Did you draw overtop of the gif and if so how did you do that? I always see people make gifs with Photoshop but I don’t know how you get it in to make one.
You can import gifs into Photoshop by importing them as videos under the main file menu. You just have to type *.gif into the file name box and it will list the gifs available to import! I actually had to look it up for this article, because I also didn’t know how to manage it. Pretty easy!
For the images above I selected just the layers (frames) I needed and deleted the others, and then drew over them with the stylus. I know PS can also export them as animated gifs, but if you want to do that the best course of action is to search online for a good tutorial. I do my animating in Toon Boom, so I wouldn’t know where to start. 🙂
WHOAH what a GIF! That is amazing!
I enjoy what you guys are usually up to. Keep up the amazing works guys. I usually just lurk & don’t comment but now that I have my own blogging writing I realize comments make it feel more worth while so here I am commenting. Not that you have to return the favor. But you could if you wanted to. 😉
Thanks , I’ve recently been searching for great gifs and videos to study squash and stretch and this is perfect!